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Index: C

C, runtime performance compared to Perl: 13.12. Comparing Runtime Performance of Perl and C

cache-control header: 16.1.3. Expires and Cache-Control Headers

caching

enabling: 12.7.5. Caching Feature

smart memory-page caching: 10.1.1. Calculating Real Memory Usage

caching data: 13.10. Caching and Pre-Caching

Memoize module: 13.11. Caching with Memoize

calendar example (caching data): 13.10. Caching and Pre-Caching

Callback called exit, message: 22.3.9. Callback called exit

callback hooks, activating: 3.1.2. Activating Callback Hooks

caller( ): 21.1.2. Curing "Internal Server Error" Problems

caller macro: 21.7.5. mod_perl gdb Debug Macros

can_stack_handlers method: 4.2.7. Stacked Handlers

CanÕt load, message: 22.2.6. Can't load `.../auto/DBI/DBI.so' for module DBI

CanÕt locate loadable object for module, message: 22.2.3. Can't locate loadable object for module ...

CanÕt locate object method, message: 22.2.4. Can't locate object method "get_handlers" ...

carp( ): 21.1.2. Curing "Internal Server Error" Problems

Carp module, function call stack backtrace, printing: 21.1.2. Curing "Internal Server Error" Problems

C/C++, libraries, memory leaks and: 14.2.6. Memory Leakage

certificates, SSL, creating and installing: 3.6.3. Installing mod_perl with Apache-SSL (+openssl)

CGI

code returned as plain text: 22.3.4. CGI Code Is Returned as Plain Text Instead of Being Executed

hello user script: 1.1.2. The Common Gateway Interface Specification

hello world script: 1.1.2. The Common Gateway Interface Specification

history: 1.1. A Brief History of CGI

online tutorial: 1.1.2. The Common Gateway Interface Specification

principles of operation: 1.1.2. The Common Gateway Interface Specification

programming practices, poor practices: 1.2.2. CGI Scripts Under the Forking Model

scripts

forking model: 1.2.2. CGI Scripts Under the Forking Model

mod_perl example: 2.6. A Sample Apache::Registry Script

porting to mod_perl: 2.6.1. Porting Existing CGI Scripts to mod_perl

running: 2.6. A Sample Apache::Registry Script

Template Toolkit: D.3. Typical Uses

testing mod_perl: 3.10.4. Testing via a CGI Script

specification web site: 1.5. References

cgi-list mailing list: 23.3.4. Perl/CGI

CGI::Cookie module, replacing with Apache::Cookie: 6.7.3. Converting to use the mod_perl API and mod_perl-Specific Modules

CGI::param module, compared to Apache::Request::param and Apache::args: 13.2. Apache::args Versus Apache::Request::param Versus CGI::param

CGI::params module: A.8. CGI::params in the mod_perlish Way

CGI.pm module: 1.1.2. The Common Gateway Interface Specification

compile( ): 4.3.1. A Sample Startup File

header( ) function: 6.11. Generating Correct HTTP Headers

initialization: 10.1.5.2. Initializing CGI.pm

output generation: 1.1.2. The Common Gateway Interface Specification

parameters, handling: 1.1.2. The Common Gateway Interface Specification

replacing with Apache::Request: 6.7.3. Converting to use the mod_perl API and mod_perl-Specific Modules

characters, line-end character sequence: 1.1.2. The Common Gateway Interface Specification

chdir( ) funtion, issues with: 25.1.4. ModPerl::Registry Family

CHECK blocks: 6.5. CHECK and INIT Blocks

child processes

dirty memory pages: 10.1. Sharing Memory

forked, Perl interpreter inheritance: 10.1. Sharing Memory

killing: 6.4.1. exit( )

lifespan: 1.2.1. Forking

maximum number of: 10.1.1. Calculating Real Memory Usage

MaxRequestPerChild directive: 10.1. Sharing Memory

memory sharing and: 10.1. Sharing Memory

reloading errors: 6.2.2. The Second Mystery—Inconsistent Growth over Reloads

resources, limiting: 5.11.3. Limiting Resources Used by Apache Child Processes

terminating, request completion: A.13. Terminating a Child Process on Request Completion

child_exit phase: 25.2. New Apache Phases and Corresponding Perl*Handlers

25.2.1.4. PerlChildExitHandler

child_init phase: 25.2. New Apache Phases and Corresponding Perl*Handlers

25.2.1.3. PerlChildInitHandler

child_terminate( ) method: A.13. Terminating a Child Process on Request Completion

chkconfig utility: 5.7. Preparing for Machine Reboot

Class::Singleton: A.12. Singleton Database Handles

cleanup

Apache request processing: 1.4. Apache 1.3 Request Processing Phases

PerlCleanupHandler directive: 10.2. Forking and Executing Subprocessesfrom mod_perl

cleanup code

importance of: 6.9.2. The Importance of Cleanup Code

safe locking: 6.9.2.2. Safe resource locking and cleanup code

cleanup_for_exec( ) method: 10.2.2. Freeing the Parent Process

clients

maximum number, calculating: 11.1. Setting the MaxClients Directive

queuing: 11.1. Setting the MaxClients Directive

clone option, PerlOptions directive: 24.5.6.2. Clone

closures, debugging: 6.2.1. The First Mystery: Why Does the Script Go Beyond 5?

cluck( ): 21.1.2. Curing "Internal Server Error" Problems

cluster, definition: 8.2. Choosing the Right Hardware

Coda file system, centralized log files: 5.11.1.3. Centralized logging

code

disabling on live servers

Apache::Registry: 5.8.3.1. Disabling code running under Apache::Registry

handlers and: 5.8.3.2. Disabling code running under other handlers

overview: 5.8.3. Disabling Scripts and Handlers on a Live Server

disabling services on live servers: 5.8.3.3. Disabling services with help from the frontend server

errors

multiple child process reloading: 6.2.2. The Second Mystery—Inconsistent Growth over Reloads

overview: 6.2. Exposing Apache::Registry Secrets

subroutines: 6.2.1. The First Mystery: Why Does the Script Go Beyond 5?

migrating mod_perl 1.0 to 2.0: 25.1.3. Code Porting

migration compatibility: 25.1.1. The Shortest Migration Path

Perl, benchmarking: 9.2. Perl Code Benchmarking

code profiling: 9.5. Code Profiling Techniques

Devel::DProf: 9.5.1. Profiling with Devel::DProf

Devel::SmallProf: 9.5.2. Profiling with Devel::SmallProf

coding

Apache::Registry

_ _DATA_ _ token: 6.6.1. _ _END_ _ and _ _DATA_ _ Tokens

_ _END_ _ token: 6.6.1. _ _END_ _ and _ _DATA_ _ Tokens

return codes: 6.6.3. Return Codes

symbolic links: 6.6.2. Symbolic Links

BEGIN blocks: 6.4.9. BEGIN blocks

broken connection detection

overview: 6.9. Handling the "User Pressed Stop Button" Case

tracing techniques: 6.9.1. Detecting Aborted Connections

broken connections, cleanup code: 6.9.2. The Importance of Cleanup Code

CHECK blocks: 6.5. CHECK and INIT Blocks

command-line switches: 6.5.2. Command-Line Switches

configuration files

creating: 6.8.2.4.1. Writing configuration files

dynamically updating: 6.8.2.4.3. Dynamically updating configuration files

reloading: 6.8.2.4.2. Reloading configuration files

die( ) function: 6.4.2. die( )

END blocks: 6.4.10. END Blocks

exit( ): 6.4.1. exit( )

global variables, persistence: 6.4.3. Global Variable Persistence

HTTP headers: 6.11. Generating Correct HTTP Headers

INIT blocks: 6.5. CHECK and INIT Blocks

method handlers: 6.12. Method Handlers: The Browse and See, Browse and View Example

mod_cgi scripts, converting to Perl content handler: 6.7.2. Converting into a Perl Content Handler

modules

forcing reloading: 6.8.2.1. Restarting the server

loading and reloading: 6.8.1. The @INC Array Under mod_perl

reloading, Apache::Reload and: 6.8.2.3. Using Apache::Reload

reloading, Apache::StatINC and: 6.8.2.2. Using Apache::StatINC

packages, advantages of creating: 6.2.1. The First Mystery: Why Does the Script Go Beyond 5?

print( ): 6.4.6. print( )

printing, formatting output: 6.4.7. Formats

regular expressions

optimizing: 6.5.3. Compiled Regular Expressions

repeated matching: 6.5.3.1. Matching patterns repeatedly

server timeout considerations: 6.10. Handling Server Timeout Cases and Working with $SIG{ALRM}

STDERR stream: 6.4.4. STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR Streams

STDIN stream: 6.4.4. STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR Streams

STDOUT stream: 6.4.4. STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR Streams

redirecting to scalar variable: 6.4.5. Redirecting STDOUT into a Scalar Variable

strict pragma, importance of: 6.1.2. The strict Pragma

system calls, sending output to browser: 6.4.8. Output from System Calls

taint mode: 6.5.2.2. Taint mode

warnings

enabling: 6.5.2.1. Warnings

importance of enabling: 6.1.3. Enabling Warnings

coding idioms: 21.5.5. The Importance of a Good, Concise Coding Style

colocation, users: C.3. Giving Each User a Separate Machine (Colocation)

command-line

perl switches, mod_perl configuration and: 24.5.4. Perl's Command-Line Switches

switches: 6.5.2. Command-Line Switches

commands, mod_perl enabled server, building: 3. Installing mod_perl

Common Gateway Interface (see CGI)

compatibility

DSO mechanism: 3.1. Configuring the Source

make test errors: 3.3.2.2. mod_perl.c is incompatible with this version of Apache

single-process mode, Netscape: 5.2. Starting the Server in Single-Process Mode

compatibility layers, mod_perl migration: 25.1.1. The Shortest Migration Path

compile( ): 4.3.1. A Sample Startup File

CGI.pm initialization: 10.1.5.2. Initializing CGI.pm

compilers

mod_perl requirements: 2.1. Installing mod_perl 1.0 in Three Steps

selection of: 3.2.1. What Compiler Should Be Used to Build mod_perl?

compiling

failure, troubleshooting: 3.1.8.1. A test compilation with your Makefile configuration failed...

mod_perl, for debugging: 21.6.1. Getting Ready to Debug

Perl, for debugging: 21.6.1. Getting Ready to Debug

complex data structure storage: 19.6.3. Storing Complex Data Structures

concatenation (strings), performance: 13.4. Interpolation, Concatenation, or List

conditional clauses, Template Toolkit language: D.4. Template Toolkit Language

conditional GET requests: 16.4.2. Conditional GET Requests

confess( ): 21.1.2. Curing "Internal Server Error" Problems

configuration

alternative configuration files: 3.1.7. Using an Alternative Configuration File

Apache

importance of tweaking: 11. Tuning Performance by Tweaking Apache's Configuration

source: 3.1. Configuring the Source

Apache::DBI module: 20.1.3. Configuring Apache::DBI

Apache::ReadConfig module: 4.4.2. Breaking Out of <Perl> Sections

Apache::Status: 21.9.1.1. Minimal configuration

Apache::Status module: 9.4. Apache::Status and Measuring Code Memory Usage

Apache::VMonitor module: 5.10.2.1. Prerequisites and configuration

Apache::Watchdog::RunAway module: 5.11.4. Tracking and Terminating Hanging Processes

AxKit: E.1. Installing and Configuring AxKit

by directory (Apache): 4.1.1. Configuration Files

debugging: 4.4.7. Debugging

development tier (server implementation): 5.9. Three-Tier Server Scheme: Development, Staging, and Production

DSO support, advantages/disadvantages: 3.1. Configuring the Source

FAQ: 4.11. General Pitfalls

file browser module: 6.12. Method Handlers: The Browse and See, Browse and View Example

httpd_docs: 12.3.3.1. Basic httpd_docs server configuration

httpd_perl: 12.3.3.2. Basic httpd_perl server configuration

information reporting: 4.8. Enabling Remote Server Configuration Reports

I/O filters: 25.3.2. Filter Configuration

Makefile.PL: 3.1.1. Controlling the Build Process

MaxClients directive: 11.1. Setting the MaxClients Directive

MaxRequestsPerChild directive: 11.2. Setting the MaxRequestsPerChild Directive

method handlers: 4.2.8. Perl Method Handlers

mod_auth_dbm and mod_auth_db issues: 3.11.4. mod_auth_dbm Nuances

mod_cgi module: 1.1.3. Apache CGI Handling with mod_cgi

mod_perl

aliases: 4.2.1. Alias Configurations

enabling mod_perl: 24.5.1. Enabling mod_perl

improvements: 24.3.4. Improved and More Flexible Configuration

modperl handler: 24.5.5.1. modperl

module access: 24.5.2. Accessing the mod_perl 2.0 Modules

overview: 4.2. mod_perl Configuration

Perl command-line switches: 24.5.4. Perl's Command-Line Switches

perl-script handler: 24.5.5.2. perl-script

PerlOptions directive: 24.5.6. PerlOptions Directive

startup files: 24.5.3. Startup File

multiple server instances: 3.1. Configuring the Source

name-based virtual hosts

backend server: 12.10.5. Backend Server Configuration

frontend server: 12.10.4. Frontend Server Configuration

openssl: 3.6.2. Installing mod_perl with mod_ssl (+openssl)

parameters: 3.1.1. Controlling the Build Process

performance, information resources: 4.12. References

<Perl>section, constructing: 4.4.1. Constructing <Perl> Sections

prior to installation: 3.1. Configuring the Source

production tier (server implementation): 5.9. Three-Tier Server Scheme: Development, Staging, and Production

saving: 4.4.6. Saving the Perl Configuration

scripts directory: 2.5. Preparing the Scripts Directory

server

Perl and: 4.4. Apache Configuration in Perl

validating syntax: 4.5. Validating the Configuration Syntax

Squid server: 12.6.2. Light Apache, mod_perl, and Squid Setup Implementation Details

staging tier (server implementation): 5.9. Three-Tier Server Scheme: Development, Staging, and Production

troubleshooting: 22.1. Configuration and Startup

two server approach

servers: 12.3.3. Configuration of the Servers

source: 12.3.2. Configuration and Compilation of the Sources

on Unix: 2.3. Configuring and Starting the mod_perl Server

validating: 5.5. Validating Server Configuration

virtual hosts: 12.10.2. Dual-Server Virtual Host Configuration

configuration directives: 4.1.7. MinSpareServers, MaxSpareServers, StartServers, MaxClients, and MaxRequestsPerChild

Apache: 4.1.2. Configuration Directives

scope: 4.6. The Scope of mod_perl Configuration Directives

Configuration file, preparing for manual build: 3.4.1. Manually Building a mod_perl-Enabled Apache

configuration files

Apache: 4.1.1. Configuration Files

creating: 6.8.2.4.1. Writing configuration files

creating in Perl: 4.4.3. Cheating with Apache->httpd_conf

creating/including separate: 4.2. mod_perl Configuration

<Directory> section: 4.1.3. <Directory>, <Location>, and <Files> Sections

4.1.3.1. <Directory directoryPath> ... </Directory>

dynamically updating: 6.8.2.4.3. Dynamically updating configuration files

<Files> section: 4.1.3. <Directory>, <Location>, and <Files> Sections

4.1.3.2. <Files filename > ... </Files>

4.2. mod_perl Configuration

<FilesMatch> section: 4.1.5. Subgrouping of <Directory>, <Location>, and <Files> Sections

HTTP headers and: 6.11. Generating Correct HTTP Headers

<Location> section: 4.1.3. <Directory>, <Location>, and <Files> Sections

4.1.3.3. <Location URI> ... </Location>

overriding: 4.2.2. <Location /perl> Sections

<Location/perl> section: 4.2.2. <Location /perl> Sections

migrating mod_perl 1.0 to 2.0: 25.1.2. Migrating Configuration Files

migration compatibility: 25.1.1. The Shortest Migration Path

Options directives, merging: 4.1.6. Options Directive Merging

package naming and: 6.8.2.4.1. Writing configuration files

reloading: 6.8.2.4.2. Reloading configuration files

dynamic configuration files: 6.8.2.4. Using dynamic configuration files

sections

creating subgroups: 4.1.5. Subgrouping of <Directory>, <Location>, and <Files> Sections

merging: 4.1.4. Merging <Directory>, <Location>, and <Files> Sections

configuration parameters

supplying from file: 3.1.5. Reusing Configuration Parameters

upgrading servers: 3.1.5. Reusing Configuration Parameters

configuration variables, options for defining: 6.8.2.4.1. Writing configuration files

Configuration.custom file: 3.1.7. Using an Alternative Configuration File

conflicts, hardware: 8.2.8. Solving Hardware Requirement Conflicts

connect( ), Apache::DBI module and: 20.1.1. Apache::DBI Connections

connection input filter: 25.3.3.1. Bucket brigade-based connection input filter

connection phases: 25.2.2. Connection Phases

connections

Apache::DBI module: 20.1.1. Apache::DBI Connections

opening with different parameters: 20.1.5.3. Opening connections with different parameters

preopening: 20.2.1. Preopening DBI Connections

broken, cleanup code: 6.9.2. The Importance of Cleanup Code

closing, lingerd: 12.7.4. Closing Lingering Connections with lingerd

detecting broken

overview: 6.9. Handling the "User Pressed Stop Button" Case

tracing techniques: 6.9.1. Detecting Aborted Connections

proxypassed type: 12.7.2. Knowing the Proxypassed Connection Type

unique, Apache::DBI module and: 20.1.2. When to Use Apache::DBI (and When Not to Use It)

connect_on_init( ): 20.2.1. Preopening DBI Connections

constant pragma

debugging print( ) calls: 21.5.3. Using print( ) for Debugging

scalars and: 10.1.2.1. Variable unsharing caused by regular expressions

constructs, directives, Template Toolkit language: D.4.1. Simple Template Example

content delivery, XML and: E. The AxKit XML Application Server

content generation, modules: B. Apache Perl Modules

content handlers: 2.7. A Simple mod_perl Content Handler

(see also handlers)

converting mod_cgi script to: 6.7.2. Converting into a Perl Content Handler

converting to use mod_perl API: 6.7.3. Converting to use the mod_perl API and mod_perl-Specific Modules

content headers

content-length: 16.2.2. Content-Length Header

content-type header: 16.2.1. Content-Type Header

entity tags: 16.2.3. Entity Tags

content-length header: 16.2.2. Content-Length Header

content negotiation: 16.3. Content Negotiation

Vary header: 16.3.1. The Vary Header

content-type header: 16.2.1. Content-Type Header

content-type headers: 1.1.2. The Common Gateway Interface Specification

content_type( ): 16.2.1. Content-Type Header

continue command: 21.5.6. Introduction to the Perl Debugger

control and monitoring modules: B. Apache Perl Modules

B.3.1. Apache::Watchdog::RunAway—Hanging Processes Monitor and Terminator

cookies

AxKit: E.3.2. Handling Cookies

handling, recipe: A.5. Handling Cookies

mod_perl API and, sending multiple: A.6. Sending Multiple Cookies with the mod_perl API

REDIRECT responses and: A.7. Sending Cookies in REDIRECT Responses

copy-on-write, forking: 10.2. Forking and Executing Subprocessesfrom mod_perl

core dumps, troubleshooting Stronghold: 3.6.4. Installing mod_perl with Stronghold

core files, debugging

analyzing: 21.6.4. Analyzing the core File

dumping core file: 21.6.3. Dumping the core File

faulty packages, creating: 21.6.2. Creating a Faulty Package

preparation for: 21.6.1. Getting Ready to Debug

CORE:: package: 6.4.1. exit( )

CORE::dump( ): 21.6.2. Creating a Faulty Package

CPAN

interactive debugging: 21.5.9. Interactive mod_perl Debugging

trapping errors: 21.1.4. Displaying Errors to Users

web site: 2.2.2. Building mod_perl

2.9. References

CPAN.pm module: 2.2.2. Building mod_perl

mod+perl installation with: 3.7. Installing mod_perl with the CPAN.pm Interactive Shell

nonstandard Apache installation and: 3.9.6. Nonstandard mod_perl-Enabled Apache Installation with CPAN.pm

nonstandard installation directories and: 3.9.3. Using the CPAN.pm Shell with Nonstandard Installation Directories

CPU

fault tolerance: 8.2.6. Getting a Fault-Tolerant CPU

usage, limiting: 5.11.3. Limiting Resources Used by Apache Child Processes

critical sections

resource locking: 6.9.2.1. Critical section

safe locking: 6.9.2.2. Safe resource locking and cleanup code

croak( ) function: 21.1.2. Curing "Internal Server Error" Problems

cronlog web site: 5.12. References

crontab watchdogs: 21.7.3. Detecting Hanging Processes

cross-site scripting: 1.1.2. The Common Gateway Interface Specification

curinfo macro: 21.6.4. Analyzing the core File

custom handlers, performance compared to Apache::Registry: 13.1. Apache::Registry PerlHandler Versus Custom PerlHandler

cvrundiff( ), memory leaks and: 14.2.6. Memory Leakage

CVS (Concurrent Versions System)

information resources: 5.12. References

resources: 23.3.8. CVS

upgrading code on live servers: 5.8.2.2.7. Using CVS for code upgrades