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2.1.
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How do I install new applications and where do they come from? |
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There are several methods installing new applications, of which Synaptic is the easiest. Synaptics' full usage is explained below.
All the software you install from Synaptic or apt-get comes from common online repositories that Ubuntu maintains. The applications in these repositories have been checked by Ubuntu and will be free of viruses and spyware, but some of the applications may still contain bugs.
Whether you use Synaptic or some of the other methods outlined below, they all share a common database and changes made in one will show up in any of the others.
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2.2.
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How do I use Synaptic
to install
packages?
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To start Synaptic, choose
->->
The Synaptic screen is divided up into four sections, the
two most important being the package categories on the
left side, and the packages on the right. Each time you
are required to install a package in this guide, it will
be listed as follows:
Category > PackageName
To select a package to install:
Choose the category on the left section of
Synaptic.
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In the right section, find the package and
click on the white box next to it. A menu will
appear giving you several options depending on
the status of the package, simply choose
Mark for installation
to select it for installation.
![[Tip]](../../images/admon/tip.png) |
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Alternatively you can click the
Search toolbar
button, enter the “PackageName”
(the applications name) in the search text
field and click the
Search button.
Synaptic
will now show you a much shorter list from
which to select your application for
installation. This can be much easier than
having to look through the very long list of
applications on your own.
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If the package you chose to install requires
other packages to also be installed a dialog box
will appear. Click Mark to
allow it to do so.
Once you are happy with the package
selections, click Apply on
the top menubar. A dialog box will appear
detailing the changes to your system, click
Apply to begin
installation.
Synaptic will then fetch and install the
packages you have selected. A progress dialog
box will appear and it may ask you to insert
other media (such as the
Ubuntu CD-ROM).
Once finished, you will be notified
Changes applied, click
Close to finish the
installation.
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2.3.
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How do I add Universe and Multiverse? |
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By default, Ubuntu comes pre-configured with basic and
security update repositories. To enable the extra
Universe and Multiverse repositories:
Start Synaptic by selecting
->->
from the desktop menu system.
In Synaptic choose Settings->
Repositories.
Click the Settings button.
Tick Show disabled software sources,
then click
Close.
On the Repositories dialog box click
Add. There are three separate
repositories; Breezy Badger, Security Updates and Updates. Select
each repository and check Officially supported,
Restricted copyright, Community maintained (Universe)
and Non-free (Multiverse). Ensure you click OK between each repository to save your changes. You should now see checkboxes next to each repository, scroll through the list and
ensure they are all checked.
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2.4.
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How do I add backports? |
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Backports are newer versions of applications made available for the current stable release of Ubuntu.
Start Synaptic by selecting
->->
from the desktop menu system.
In Synaptic choose Settings->
Repositories.
Click on Add and then Custom. -
Paste the following line into the box:
deb https://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-backports main universe multiverse restricted
Click Ok and then click Yes when it asks you to reload. Backports is now available. |
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2.5.
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How do I keep Ubuntu updated? |
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When packages on your Ubuntu system need updating, Ubuntu will inform you with a popup from your notification area. When you see this popup, click Show Updates,
Ubuntu will ask your for your password, enter it then click OK. In the Ubuntu Update Manager click Install, the system will fetch and install any updates that are needed. When it has finished, click Close, then close Ubuntu Update Manager. |
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2.6.
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How to backup/restore downloaded repositories
cache?
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To backup downloaded repositories cache
mkdir -p $HOME/backup/var/lib/
sudo cp -R /var/lib/apt/ $HOME/backup/var/lib/
mkdir -p $HOME/backup/var/cache/
sudo cp -R /var/cache/apt/ $HOME/backup/var/cache/
mkdir -p $HOME/backup/etc/apt
sudo cp -R /etc/apt/ $HOME/backup/etc/
sudo chown -R $USER $HOME/backup/
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To restore downloaded repositories cache
sudo cp -fR $HOME/backup/var/* /var/
sudo cp -fR $HOME/backup/etc/apt/* /etc/apt/
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2.7.
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How to manually update Ubuntu using Apt-get? |
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