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This section gives details on the installation and configuration
of packages mentioned throughout the book.
Table C.1 describes the X servers
included in Debian GNU/Linux and identifies the supported cards and
chipsets.
Table C.1: X Servers for Accelerated Graphics Cards
|
Package |
Supported Cards and Chipsets |
|
xserver-8514 |
IBM 8514/A and other compatible cards |
|
xserver-AGX |
All AGX cards |
|
xserver-I128 |
#9 Imagine 128 (including Series II) cards |
|
xserver-Mach32 |
ATI cards using the Mach32 chipset |
|
xserver-Mach64 |
ATI cards using the Mach64 chipset |
|
xserver-Mach8 |
ATI cards using the Mach8 chipset |
|
xserver-P9000 |
Diamond Viper and other P9000 cards (excluding cards using the 9100) |
|
xserver-S3 |
#9 cards, most Diamond cards, some Orchid cards, and others |
|
xserver-S3V |
Cards using the S3 ViRGE chipset, including the DX, GX, and VX |
|
xserver-W32 |
ET4000/W32 cards, excluding standard ET4000 cards |
Table C.2 describes other
X-related packages you should install in order to run X.
Table C.2: Recommended X-Related Packages
|
Package |
Description |
|
xbase-clients |
Miscellaneous X clients |
|
xcontrib |
XFree-contributed clients |
|
xfonts-100dpi |
100-dpi fonts for X servers |
|
xfonts-75dpi |
75-dpi fonts for X servers |
|
xfonts-base |
Standard fonts for X servers |
|
xfonts-scalable |
Scalable fonts for X servers |
|
xfree86-common |
Basic components of the X Windows System |
|
xlib6g |
Shared libraries for X clients |
|
xpm4g |
X Pixmap libraries |
|
xserver-common |
Components common to X servers |
|
xterm |
X terminal emulator |
Table C.3 describes the packages
you should install in order to run GNOME.
Table C.3: GNOME-Related Packages
|
Package |
Description |
|
gmc |
GNOME file manager |
|
task-gnome-apps |
GNOME applications and utilities |
|
task-gnome-desk |
GNOME desktop |
|
task-gnome-game |
GNOME games |
|
task-gnome-wm |
GNOME window managers |
|
wmaker-gnome |
Window Maker compiled with GNOME support |
|
wmaker-usersguide-ps |
Window Maker Users' Guide |
Debian's rigid adherence to exclusively open-source software
means that many programs, like WordPerfect or Applixware, are not
(currently) available as Debian packages. Often, though, a
pre-compiled binary is available; follow the instructions (usually
found in a README file) to install the software.
To install StarOffice, install the Debian package
staroffice3 and follow the instructions that accompany it. You'll also need to download the StarOffice files from Sun's web site,
https://www.sun.com/products/staroffice/.
Table C.4 lists the packages you
should install to experiment with WINE. Mesa and WINE are frequently
updated. Ideally, you should download the latest versions of Mesa and
WINE from
https://www.winehq.com/. However, the WINE
developers do not currently make Debian packages available.
DOOM and Quake II pose different challenges while
installing. The following sections will lead you through the
installation for each.
You can download Linux Doom and the required IWAD file from id
Software's web site,
https://www.idsoftware.com/archives/. You can
download either an SVGA (
linuxsdoom) or X11
(
linuxxdoom) version of the game. The X11 version
requires some deprecated libraries that are no longer part of the
Debian distribution; it can't be run without extraordinary
measures. However, id Software has released the source code for Doom,
and at least one Debian developer has compiled an X11 version of Doom
that's compatible with the current libraries. See the mail list
archive on the Debian web site,
https://www.debian.org/.
To install the files, move to the directory into which you
downloaded them and issue the following commands: tar zxvf linuxsdoom.tar.gz
gunzip doom-1.8.wad.gz
If you prefer, you can download and install the DOSEMU package,
which lets you run the MS-DOS version of Doom under Linux.
To install Quake II under Linux, you'll need the
quake2 package and the game data. You can obtain
the game data in any of several ways. The best way is by purchasing
the retail Quake II CD-ROM. However, if you want merely to
try out the game, you can download the Windows 9x
demo file.
To install Quake II, issue the following command: apt-get quake2
If your video card has Voodoo acceleration and you want to
enable the acceleration, you'll face several challenges. See
/usr/doc/quake2/README for details. Also see the
Linux Quake HOWTO (
https://www.linuxquake.com/howto/Quake-HOWTO.html).
If you have the Quake II CD-ROM, mount it and copy the
files in the
Install/Data directory (and all its
subdirectories) to the current working directory. To copy the
subdirectories, use the
-r argument: mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /cdrom
cp -r /cdrom/Install/Data/* .
Now you can delete some unneeded files: rm -f /usr/local/quake2/*.dll
rm -f /usr/local/quake2/quake2.exe
rm -f /usr/local/quake2/baseq2/gamex386.dll
If you have the self-extracting demo file
(
q2-314-demo-x86.exe or a similarly named file)
rather than the CD-ROM, place the file in the current working
directory and use the
unzip utility to extract its
contents: unzip q2-314-demo-x86.exe
If your file has a different name, adjust the command
accordingly. If your system doesn't include the
unzip package, you'll have to install it before you
can extract the contents of the demo file.
Then, rearrange some files and delete others: rm -rf Splash Setup.exe
mv Install/Data/baseq2 .
mv Install/Data/DOCS docs
rm -rf Install
rm -f baseq2/gamex86.dll
These packages will help establish a local network.
When installing the
lynx package, the
configuration script asks what default URL should be used when
invoking
lynx. If you have a favorite web page
that's available at all times - even when you're not dialed into
your ISP, for example - you can specify that page. Otherwise, you
may find it convenient to specify the URL
file:/usr/doc/lynx/lynx_help/lynx_help_main.html,
the main
lynx help page.
To install
samba, install the packages listed
in
Table C.5.
Table C.5: Samba-Related Packages
|
Package |
Description |
|
samba |
A Microsoft-compatible network server. |
|
samba-doc |
Samba document. |
|
smbclient |
Samba client. |
|
swat |
Web-based configuration tool for Samba. |
The
samba configuration script will ask if
you want to run
samba as a daemon or from
inetd.conf. If your expected usage is quite low,
it's appropriate to run
samba from
inetd.conf; otherwise you should run it as a
daemon.
The
samba configuration script will also ask
if you are going to use encrypted passwords. You should respond yes in
order to configure
samba to work properly with
Windows 98 and Windows NT. To establish an encrypted password for a
user, issue the
smbpasswd command. For
example: debian:/etc/samba# smbpasswd
debian:/etc/samba# smbpasswd bmccarty
New SMB password:
Retype new SMB password:
Password changed for user bmccarty.
To use
swat, you must add a line to the
/etc/services file: swat 901/tcp
Place the new line so that the number of the related service
(901) is properly sequenced.
You must also add a line to
/etc/inetd.conf: swat stream tcp nowait.400 root /usr/sbin/swat swat
You may find it convenient to add the line near the line that
refers to
smbd, if any.
At present,
swat is considered unstable,
though the author has used it extensively without
difficulty. Nevertheless, you may want to obtain an updated
version - when available - from the Debian web site,
https://www.debian.org/.
While most of these packages are available as Debian
packages, Netscape Navigator is not (at least not yet). More
information is available in each subsection.
To install
wvdial, issue the following
command: apt-get install wvdial
The installation script asks you for:
Next, the install script scans your serial ports to locate your
modem and establish its configuration. Generally, the scan is
successful; however, some systems hang, forcing you to reboot the
system and configure the modem manually.
Here's a typical
wvdial.conf file, as built
by the configuration script: [Dialer Defaults]
Phone = 1-714-555-0612
Username = bmccarty
Password = abrupti
New PPPD = yes
Modem = /dev/ttyS0
Baud = 57600
Init1 = ATZ
Init2 = ATQ0 V1 E1 S0=0 &C1 &D2 S11=55 +FCLASS=0
Netscape Navigator is subject to distribution restrictions,
which prevent it from being included in the Debian GNU/Linux
distribution. However, you can install Navigator by downloading and
installing the packages
netscape-base-4,
netscape-base-45,
netscape-java-45,
navigator-base-45,
navigator-nethelp45, and
navigator-smotif45, which are available on the
Debian web site,
https://www.debian.org/.
To install
seyon, simply install the package
by using the command: apt-get --install seyon
A sample configuration dialog follows: Do you have a color X11 system? (Y/n)y
Where is your modem located?
(0) /dev/ttyS0 (equivalent to DOS COM1)
(1) /dev/ttyS1 (equivalent to DOS COM2)
(2) /dev/ttyS2 (equivalent to DOS COM3)
(3) /dev/ttyS3 (equivalent to DOS COM4)
Enter (0/1/2/3) -> 1
Modem configured for: /dev/ttyS1
*** Important ***
Users must be added to the 'dialout' group to allow access to the modem
device.
To add the user
bmccarty, for example, to the
dialout group, issue the command addgroup bmccarty dialout
To install
minicom, issue the following
commands: apt-get install minicom
The
minicom configuration will ask if you
want to use the
Meta (
Alt) key as the
minicom
command key. Doing so precludes you from using
minicom under X, so you should normally respond
No. After installing
minicom
you can set system-wide options by issuing the command minicom -s
You must be logged in as
root to accomplish
this. As with
seyon, ordinary users cannot access
minicom unless they are members of the
dialout group.
U.S. law forbids the export of strong cryptography software.
Consequently, the secure shell packages cannot be included on the
CD-ROM accompanying this book.
To install the Apache web server, issue the following
commands: apt-get install apache
The configuration script will ask:
-
The email address of the server administrator (ServerAdmin).
-
Specify your email address. -
The absolute path of the directory that will be the root directory (DocumentRoot).
-
Specify
/var/www or another directory. -
What port Apache should listen on
-
Specify 80 or another port of your choice. If you specify a port other than 80, users must include the port in the URL of each page accessed. -
Whether you want to manually choose the modules to be loaded
-
Normally, you should respond No. -
Whether to save changes to the configuration files
-
Normally, you should respond Yes. -
Whether to restart Apache
-
Normally, you should respond Yes.
Owing to U.S. export laws, these packages do not appear on the
CD-ROM. To install the Secure Shell client and server, issue
the following commands: apt-get install ssh
Your
sources.list file must point to a source for non-US packages.
 |
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C.5 Using apt-get |
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D. Managing the Boot Process |
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