20.8.5 Setting and modifying single bits of FP values
There are some operations that are too complicated or expensive to
perform by hand on floating-point numbers. ISO C99 defines
functions to do these operations, which mostly involve changing single
bits.
— Function: double copysign (double x, double y)
— Function: float copysignf (float x, float y)
— Function: long double copysignl (long double x, long double y)
These functions return x but with the sign of y. They work
even if x or y are NaN or zero. Both of these can carry a
sign (although not all implementations support it) and this is one of
the few operations that can tell the difference.
copysign never raises an exception.
This function is defined in IEC 559 (and the appendix with
recommended functions in IEEE 754/IEEE 854).
— Function: int signbit (float-type x)
signbit is a generic macro which can work on all floating-point
types. It returns a nonzero value if the value of x has its sign
bit set.
This is not the same as x < 0.0, because IEEE 754 floating
point allows zero to be signed. The comparison -0.0 < 0.0 is
false, but signbit (-0.0) will return a nonzero value.
— Function: double nextafter (double x, double y)
— Function: float nextafterf (float x, float y)
— Function: long double nextafterl (long double x, long double y)
The nextafter function returns the next representable neighbor of
x in the direction towards y. The size of the step between
x and the result depends on the type of the result. If
x = y the function simply returns y. If either
value is NaN, NaN is returned. Otherwise
a value corresponding to the value of the least significant bit in the
mantissa is added or subtracted, depending on the direction.
nextafter will signal overflow or underflow if the result goes
outside of the range of normalized numbers.
This function is defined in IEC 559 (and the appendix with
recommended functions in IEEE 754/IEEE 854).
— Function: double nexttoward (double x, long double y)
— Function: float nexttowardf (float x, long double y)
— Function: long double nexttowardl (long double x, long double y)
These functions are identical to the corresponding versions of
nextafter except that their second argument is a long
double.
— Function: double nan (const char *tagp)
— Function: float nanf (const char *tagp)
— Function: long double nanl (const char *tagp)
The nan function returns a representation of NaN, provided that
NaN is supported by the target platform.
nan ("n-char-sequence") is equivalent to
strtod ("NAN(n-char-sequence)").
The argument tagp is used in an unspecified manner. On IEEE 754 systems, there are many representations of NaN, and tagp
selects one. On other systems it may do nothing.
Published under the terms of the GNU General Public License
