17.1. Setting up in printcap
17.1. Setting up in printcap
Lpd provides five attributes which you can set in/etc/printcap to control all the settings of
the serial port a printer is on. Read the
printcap
man page and note the meanings ofbr#, fc#,xc#, fs# andxs#. The last four of these attributes
are bitmaps indicating the settings for use the port. Thebr# attribute is simply the baud rate, eg
`br#9600'.
It is very easy to translate from stty settings to printcap flag settings. If you need to,
see the man page for stty now.
Use stty to set up the printer port so that you can cat a file to
it and have it print correctly. Here's what `stty
-a' looks like for my printer port:
dina:/usr/users/andy/work/lpd/lpd# stty -a < /dev/ttyS2
speed 9600 baud; rows 0; columns 0; line = 0;
intr = ^C; quit = ^\; erase = ^?; kill = ^U; eof = ^D; eol = <undef>;
eol2 = <undef>; start = ^Q; stop = ^S; susp = ^Z; rprnt = ^R; werase = ^W;
lnext = ^V; min = 1; time = 0;
-parenb -parodd cs8 hupcl -cstopb cread -clocal -crtscts
-ignbrk -brkint -ignpar -parmrk -inpck -istrip -inlcr
-igncr -icrnl ixon -ixoff -iuclc -ixany -imaxbel
-opost -olcuc -ocrnl -onlcr -onocr -onlret -ofill -ofdel nl0 cr0 tab0
bs0 vt0 ff0
-isig -icanon -iexten -echo -echoe -echok -echonl -noflsh -xcase
-tostop -echoprt -echoctl -echoke
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The only changes between this and the way the port is initialized
at bootup are
-clocal,
-crtscts, and
ixon. Your port may well be different
depending on how your printer does flow control.
You actually use stty in a somewhat odd way. Since stty operates
on the terminal connected to it's standard input, you use it to
manipulate a given serial port by using the `<' character as above.
Once you have your stty settings right, so that `cat
file > /dev/ttyS2' (in my case) sends the file to
the printer, look at the file
/usr/src/linux/include/asm-i386/termbits.h. This contains a lot of
#defines and a few structs (You may wish to cat this file to
the printer (you do have that working, right?) and use it as
scratch paper). Go to the section that starts out
/* c_cflag bit meaning */
#define CBAUD 0000017
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This section lists the meaning of the
fc#
and
fs# bits. You will notice that the
names there (after the baud rates) match up with one of the lines
of stty output. Didn't I say this was going to be easy?
Note which of those settings are preceded with a - in your stty
output. Sum up all those numbers (they are octal). This represents
the bits you want to clear, so the result is yourfc# capability. Of course, remember that
you will be setting bits directly after you clear, so you can just
use `fc#0177777' (I do).
Now do the same for those settings (listed in this section) which
do not have a - before them in your stty output. In my example the
important ones are CS8 (0000060), HUPCL (0002000), and CREAD
(0000200). Also note the flags for your baud rate (mine is
0000015). Add those all up, and in my example you get
0002275. This goes in your fs# capability
(`fs#02275' works fine in my
example).
Do the same with set and clear for the next section of the include
file, "c_lflag bits". In my case I didn't have to set
anything, so I just use `xc#0157777' and `xs#0'.
