Original work by Julio Merino. Rewritten by Martin Karlsson.
Storing data on floppy disks is sometimes useful, for example when one does not have
any other removable storage media or when one needs to transfer small amounts of data to
another computer.
This section will explain how to use floppy disks in FreeBSD. It will primarily cover
formatting and usage of 3.5inch DOS floppies, but the concepts are similar for other
floppy disk formats.
Floppy disks are accessed through entries in /dev, just like
other devices. To access the raw floppy disk, simply use /dev/fdN.
A floppy disk needs to be low-level formated before it can be used. This is usually
done by the vendor, but formatting is a good way to check media integrity. Although it is
possible to force larger (or smaller) disk sizes, 1440kB is what most floppy disks are
designed for.
To low-level format the floppy disk you need to use fdformat(1). This
utility expects the device name as an argument.
Make note of any error messages, as these can help determine if the disk is good or
bad.
Use the /dev/fdN devices
to format the floppy. Insert a new 3.5inch floppy disk in your drive and issue:
# /usr/sbin/fdformat -f 1440 /dev/fd0
After low-level formatting the disk, you will need to place a disk label on it. This
disk label will be destroyed later, but it is needed by the system to determine the size
of the disk and its geometry later.
The new disk label will take over the whole disk, and will contain all the proper
information about the geometry of the floppy. The geometry values for the disk label are
listed in /etc/disktab.
You can run now bsdlabel(8) like
so:
# /sbin/bsdlabel -B -w /dev/fd0 fd1440
Now the floppy is ready to be high-level formated. This will place a new file system
on it, which will let FreeBSD read and write to the disk. After creating the new file
system, the disk label is destroyed, so if you want to reformat the disk, you will have
to recreate the disk label.
The floppy's file system can be either UFS or FAT. FAT is generally a better choice
for floppies.
To put a new file system on the floppy, issue:
# /sbin/newfs_msdos /dev/fd0
The disk is now ready for use.
